That's all cruise control stuff.
Top thing is the cruise control servo, middle thing is the cruise control vacuum solenoid, bottom thing is your Folger's coffee can -- I mean the cruise control vacuum reserve.
Vacuum system. You've got two lines but you'll never see the other one until you start thinking like a vacuum tech (which I happen to be.) The port(s) you can see in the picture and your engine's intake constitutes what would be the Ground connections in an electrical circuit. That solenoid controls atmospheric pressure intake for the servo. There are more electronics inside the servo that control it so I'm not sure what the exact function of the pictured part is. I suspect it's a quick bleed for when the system is turned off as when pushing the brake pedal.
BTW, The metal fingers on that top port are for holding a filter. I don't know if the factory supplied one but I installed a thin chunk of open-cell foam as a dust-catch on mine...